As such, Zulu expansionism resulted in the displacement of many groups of people and created chaos in South Africa throughout the early and mid-1800s.
For example, this event is referred to as ‘Mfecane’ in Zulu, which translates to ‘crushing’ or ‘scattering’. Historians don’t know the exact number of people that died in the military clashes, but estimates range from about 1 to 2 million people. During that time, Zulu warriors captured large sections of territory and forced many groups of African people from areas of South Africa. However, Shaka oversaw a large military expansion from about 1815 until the 1830s. Previous to the Zulu Kingdom, the native African people in the region were organized into smaller tribes or bands. The Zulu Kingdom was a large centralized kingdom under the control of the Zulu King Shaka. First was the military expansion of the Zulu Kingdom, which was located roughly in the eastern sections of South Africa. In 1539, his body was taken back to Portugal for burial.In the 1820s, South Africa experienced a series of increased tensions due to clashes between the different groups of people in the regions. Arriving in Cochin, he fell ill and died on 24 December 1524. After 20 years at home, in 1524, he was nominated as Portuguese viceroy in India and sent to deal with the mounting corruption among Portuguese authorities there. He forced the ruler of Calicut to make peace and, on his return voyage along the east African coast established Portuguese trading posts in what is now Mozambique.īack in Portugal, da Gama was granted further privileges and revenues and continued to advise the king on Indian matters. After hearing of the massacre of all those at the trading post, da Gama sailed for India again in 1502 attacking Arab Muslim ships he met on the way. The king immediately dispatched another expedition to secure a trading post at Calicut. This voyage launched the all-water route from Europe to Asia.ĭa Gama returned to Portugal. The expedition then rounded the Cape of Good and, after sailing up the coast of east Africa, took on an Arab navigator who helped them reach the Indian coast, at Calicut (now Kozhikode) in May 1498. This established a route still followed by sailing vessels. Setting off in July 1497, da Gama's expedition took advantage of the prevailing winds by sailing south down the coast of Africa, then veering far out into the Atlantic and swinging back in an arc to arrive off the southern African coast. In 1497, he was appointed to command an expedition equipped by the Portuguese government, whose intention was to find a maritime route to the East. Vasco da Gama was born in about 1460 into a noble family. © Da Gama was a Portuguese explorer and navigator, and the first person to sail directly from Europe to India.
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